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Course Outline
Introduction
- A brief history of GNU/Linux
- Licensing models
- Kernel versioning schemes
- The release cycle
- Kernel trees
- The mainline kernel
- Kernel space versus user space
- Mechanism versus policy
- Alternatives for kernel drivers
- RTOS versus Linux
Memory Management
- Virtual memory versus physical memory
- Memory allocation within the kernel
- Pages
- Memory zones
- Application Programming Interface (API)
- Slab allocator
Kernel Patching
- Patch lifecycle
- Using Git
- Kernel source management
- Creating a patch
- Checking patches
- Fixing patches
- Submitting/shipping patches
- Audited code standards
Kernel Modules
- Obtaining kernel sources
- Configuring, building, and installing
- Device drivers (static linking and runtime loading)
- Initialization and exit functions
- Licensing considerations
- EXPORT_SYMBOL_GPL
- Out-of-tree Makefiles
- Module initialization tools
- Adding modules to the kernel tree
- Kconfig
- Passing parameters to modules
- Sparse static analysis
Character Drivers
- Architecture
- User/kernel interface
- I/O subsystem
- Virtual File System (VFS)
- sysfs (devices, buses, drivers, classes)
- kobject, ktype, and kset
- The Linux kernel driver model
- Device files
-
Character driver
- Initialization
- Registration
- Open and release operations
- cdev, cdev_add, cdev_del, and related functions
- Major and minor numbers
- udev, udevmonitor, and udevadm
Advanced Character Driver Operations
- ioctl
- Unlocked ioctl
- Compatibility ioctl
- User-space API
- Kernel-space API
- Process lifecycle
- Sleeping and blocking operations
- Waking up processes
- Wait queues
- The thundering herd problem
- Poll and select mechanisms
Kernel Debugging
- Debugging techniques
-
Debugging the kernel
- Binary search using Git
- Kernel debug support
- printk, syslogd, klogd, loglevels, rate limiting, debug levels, and selective subsystem debugging
- Debugging via debugfs queries
- Oops debugging and triggering oopses
- The Magic SysRq Key
- kgdb and kdb
- JTAG debugging
Tracing
- gcov
- lcov
- oprofile
-
ftrace
- nop tracer
- function tracer
- sched switch tracer
- function graph tracer
- dynamic tracer
- trace-cmd and kernelshark
- perf
- LTTng
Interrupts
- Interrupts versus polling
- Interrupt handling
- Program sections
- Reentrancy
- Events
- Interrupt handlers
- Shared interrupt handlers
- Interrupt flow
- Interrupt control
Deferring Work
- Top-half and bottom-half processing
- Softirqs
- Tasklets
- Work queues
- Threaded interrupts
Concurrency
- Critical regions and sections
- Atomic operations
- Race conditions
- Synchronization techniques
- Locking mechanisms
- Locking solutions
- Deadlocks
- Contention
- Deciding what to lock
-
Available locking primitives
- Atomic operations
- Spinlocks
- Reader-writer spinlocks
- Semaphores
- Binary semaphores
- Mutexes
- Reader-writer semaphores
- Completion variables
- Seqlocks
- Disabling preemption
- Ordering and barriers
Time
- HZ configuration
- Jiffies
- Large and small delays
- Kernel timers
Hardware I/O
- I/O Ports
- I/O Memory
- Handling side effects when accessing registers
User-Kernel Communication
- put_user() and get_user()
- copy_to_user() and copy_from_user()
- Kernel I/O
- Memory mapping
- procfs
- sysfs
- debugfs
- relayfs
- Netlink sockets
- ioctl
Portability
- Word size considerations
- Opaque types
- Signed and unsigned chars
- Data alignment
- Integral promotion
- Code reuse strategies
- Endianness
- System tick handling
- Page size
- Instruction ordering
- SMP, preemption, and high memory
Except where otherwise noted, the content and this course outline are licensed under Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0).
Requirements
- Basic familiarity with using a GNU/Linux system as an end user
- Basic familiarity with a command-line shell
- Foundational knowledge of user-space and application development
- Intermediate proficiency in C programming
- Previous attendance at Embedded GNU/Linux Systems Architecture is strongly recommended, along with a solid understanding of the topics covered therein
35 Hours
Testimonials (3)
Everything is ok.
Adrian Rybka - SEOyon
Course - Flutter Development Bootcamp with Dart
Very usefull additional informations
Grzegorz - Comp S.A.
Course - BLoC Pattern
His knowledge and patience.
